Wednesday, May 20, 2020

Ancient India And China s Caste System Essay - 1020 Words

Ancient India and China’s Caste System In ancient India and China a social system was developed to separate the society into levels. This social system is called a caste system. Which caste level you belong to was determined by your occupation and family origin. If you were born the son of a king your life was grand. But, if you were born to a farmer you are a farmer for life. Your birth determines where you fall in the caste system, and you live according to the rules. Both ancient India and China had the caste system. Ancient India and China had similarities and differences in the caste system. Our text book tells us that Aryans became dominant in north India. In Sanskrit text the Indo-Aryan developed the caste and the Brahman religion. The Brahman religion developed into Hinduism. (Beck et al.) India’s caste system there is 4 caste or social levels of people. At the top there is the Bhramin which are the priests and teachers. Second is the Kshatryia which are the leaders and warriors. Third is the Vaishya which are the merchants and landowners. Fourth is the Sundra which are commoners, peasants, and servants. Not considered in the caste system is the untouchables which are the outcasts. They held the lowest valued jobs such as street sweepers, latrine cleaners, and slaughter house workers. The caste system in India forbids people from mingling with other levels of castes. What caste level you were born into you were required to stay at that level. There was noShow MoreRelatedAncient And Early Modern Societies1145 Words   |  5 PagesHaylee Ferguson Professor Seaman History 4 27 November 2016 Ancient and Early-Modern Societies Mesopotamia, China, Aryan India, and early- modern Europe are all different when it comes to the way they live. Mesopotamia is known to be the â€Å"land between the Tigris and Euphrates river†, according to the Greek meaning. In Mesopotamia there is four primary categories of people. First is the nobles, second is the free clients who worked the lands, third is the commoners who owned their ownRead MoreSocial Stratification Can Be Defined As A System In Which1024 Words   |  5 PagesSocial stratification can be defined as a system in which groups of people are divided into layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige. Social stratification can affect the way people interpret life. There’s four major systems that makes up social stratification slavery, caste, estate, and class. Slavery refers to the aspect that people can own other people. This has been around since ancient times of history, and still do this day occurring. Slavery is based upon three factorsRead MoreAncient Civilizations Of India And China2144 Words   |  9 PagesRiley King Brianna Vinup Ancient India and China The ancient civilizations of India and China were possibly the most advanced of their time. Both countries had much to offer in that time including new technology, governments, religions, and items to trade. The two countries have and had had many similarities and contrasts. The geography of ancient India was a little different than what is to this day. The Himalayan mountains are located in the Northern part of India and the Hindu Kush are locatedRead MoreComparing Ancient India And China2142 Words   |  9 PagesAncient India and China The ancient civilizations of India and China were possibly the most advanced of their time. Both countries had much to offer in that time including new technology, governments, religions, and items to trade. The two countries have and had had many similarities and contrasts. The geography of ancient India was a little different than what is to this day. The Himalayan mountains are located in the Northern part of India and the Hindu Kush are located in the North West. ThreeRead MoreThe Caste System And The Indian Government Essay950 Words   |  4 Pagesus that the caste system unfortunately still exists. The caste system is a system of class and hierarchy, it divides people in terms of classes called castes which usually determines their status in the community and therefor their livelihoods. The caste system still exists and if not constitutionally definitely socially. The caste system presence keeps different communities separated, lowers national GDP (Economic activity/development), discriminates against those of the lower caste, slows the developmentRead MoreAsian Dietary Cultures That Have Developed Through The Centuries789 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Charlotte Brooks’s 2009 Alien Neighbors, Foreign Friends: Asian Americans, Housing a nd the Transformation of Urban California, San Francisco’s Chinatown was America’s first and most famous segregated neighborhood of asian culture. in the 1940’s the Asian culture received even more segregation when they were put into internment camps in false fear they were conspiring against america. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 was brought into effect by asian americans which allowed americaRead MoreDevelopment And Interaction Of Cultures2004 Words   |  9 Pages Liza-Kelly Mbah October 22, 2014 Period Six What helped to bring about the development of cultures in Ancient Egypt, Mesoamerica, Classical Persia, India, Greece and Rome from 600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E.? Annotations -Founding of Jainism - Mahavira born 540 B.C.E., founder of Jainism âÅ"” -Founding of Buddhism - Buddha publicly announced doctrine in 528 B.C.E. âÅ"” -Hinduism supported cast system, made it religiously sanctified bc of karma âÅ"” -Chavin Cult appears 1000 B.C.E. -Cult of Osiris âÅ"” -UpanishadsRead MorePositive Effects of the British Colonization of India Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagesof India. When the East India Company took control of India in 1612, they began modernizing, westernizing, and industrializing India. This westernization included giving women more rights, an attempt to eliminate the caste system and the loss of many of the more backward Hindu religious beliefs such as the domination of women by men and denying an entire class of people any rights. British occupation also did things long term for India. The modern technology and western customs allowed India toRead MoreCultural Components That Make Up The Country India1080 Words   |  5 PagesIndia is a country often described as being the most unforgettable place you can visit. It attracts those who seek to experience spiritual awakening, those who crave inspiration and wish to engulf themselves in rich culture, and sometimes merely those who have a passionate desire to learn. Having lived in the USA as a Mexican-American for more than 10 years already, I know much about living a life that balances out different beliefs and traditions, as well as profoundly appreciating that which isRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Confucianism856 Words   |  4 PagesHinduism and Confucianism are two well known religions that have been around for thousands of years. they have a lot of similarities, but also some differences. Both religions are located in Asia, while Hinduism is mainly in India, and Confucianism is in China. Both religions are based around the people’s actions as well as the meaning of life, which are shown through their strict society and social structures. Even though they’re different, both religions have 3 principles or values they go by.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Don’t Excessively Drink Energy Drinks, An Outline - 635 Words

Topic: Don’t excessively drink energy drinks Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience energy drinks drunken excessively are bad for your health Thesis Statement: Energy drinks contain multiple ingredients that are bad for your health. I. INTRODUCTION A. Attention material/Credibility Material: Many people drink energy drinks in order to get them through the day, thinking that by getting a boost of energy it will help then, but it hurts you more than you think. How: This year research documented a jump in energy drink related emergency room visits and politicians and consumers called upon the FDA to look into deaths associated with energy drinks. The amount of caffeine added to energy drinks is not regulated by the FDA (http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/06/health/time-energy-drink/) B. Tie to the audience: Why: one study of college student of consumption found 50% of students drank at least 1-4 a month, threw my personal experience I drank 1-4 a day. C. Thesis and Preview: Today I’d like to talk to you about first, how energy drinks are bad for you, second, why it affects you, and finally, what makes them bad for you. [Transition into body of speech]: I’ll begin by telling you about how energy drinks are bad for you. II. BODY A. People around the world drink energy drinks on a daily basis not knowing of the ingredients and how they affect your body. more than 200 milligrams of caffeine can be dangerous, and energy drinks can include up to 500mg 1. The problem isShow MoreRelatedThe Psychological Costs of Societal Ideals in The Glass Menagerie1758 Words   |  8 PagesAmandas only connection with the present is portrayed through her longing for a stable family structure, that is, a stable means of support, for her daughter, one in which her daughter, Laura, will find a suitable husband, one who will not drink excessively, who will find excitement enough in a conventional career and family (Domina). In other words, Amanda desires to be a part of the successful American household that fits her depiction of the American dream. Her reality, however, is far fromRead MoreEssay about Alcoholism and Drug Addiction17765 Words   |  72 Pagesfor diagnosing alcoholism is evaluating responses to a group of standardized questions. These can be used to identify harmful drinking patterns, including alcoholism. In general, problem drinking is considered alcoholism when the person continues to drink when they want to stop because of socia l or health problems caused by drinking. Treatment of alcoholism takes several steps. Because of the medical problems that can be caused by withdrawal, alcohol detoxification is carefully controlled and may involveRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagesformidable problems facing brand builders today. 1. Pressure To Compete On Price There are enormous pressures on nearly all firms to engage in price competition. In all industries from computers to cars to frozen dinners to airlines to soft drinks, price competition is at center stage, driven by the power of strong retailers, value-sensitive customers, reduced category growth, and overcapacity (often caused by new entrants and by old competitors hanging on, sometimes via bankruptcy). RetailersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pageschaotic pace of change, â€Å"If you’re not confused, you’re not paying attention.† And the late Peter Drucker characterized the current environment this way: â€Å"We are in one of those great historical periods that occur every 200 or 300 years when people don’t understand the world anymore, and the past is not sufficient to explain the future.† Almost no one would argue that â€Å"permanent white water† best characterizes our current environment. Almost everything is in flux, from our technology and methods ofRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagessupervised the work from time to time. It was then decided to prepare a Dictionary for the use of English-speaking people, with the object of encouraging them to learn the language of one of the largest, if not the largest, of the tribes in Nigeria. The outline Dictionary of English words, by A.C. Madan, prepared for students of African languages, was taken as the basis of work, and in 1913 this selection of words was completed. Archdeacon Dennis was asked to revise the work and to see it through the PressRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesshow how individuals can develop the skills necessary to move progressively from idea to impact. By identifying behaviors of the world’s best innovators—from leaders at Amazon and Apple to those at Google, Skype, and Virgin Group—the authors outline ve discovery skills that distinguish innovative entrepreneurs and executives from ordinary managers: Associating, Questioning, Observing, Networking, and Experimenting. Once you master these competencies (the authors provide a self assessmentRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 Pages1 Introduction 13.2 Cross-border MAs: a literature review 13.3 Empirical analysis: definition of sample, variables and methodology 13.4 Results from empirical analysis 13.5 Conclusions 188 188 190 192 199 208 14 Mergers between European Energy Firms: National Champions and Markets Francesc Trillas 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 Introduction The issues at stake The behavior of target firms Expanding firms Competition policy and national champions Conclusion 213 213 214 217 221 228 231 Read MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesAnglo American, Bodycote, Bosch, China Minsheng Bank, Hana Financial, HSBC, Ingersoll Rand, Medtronic, Shanghai Municipal Government, Siam Cement, the World Economic Forum, and Deloitte Touche, where he served as senior external adviser to the Global Energy Resource Group. He received his PhD from George Washington University in strategic and international management. Brief Contents Part One Environmental Foundation 1 1 Globalization and International Linkages 2 The Political, Legal, and TechnologicalRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesTeam Efficacy? 322 Point/Counterpoint We Can Learn Much About Work Teams from Studying Sports Teams 326 Questions for Review 327 Experiential Exercise Fixed versus Variable Flight Crews 327 Ethical Dilemma Unethical Teams 327 Case Incident 1 Why Don’t Teams Work Like They’re Supposed to? 328 Case Incident 2 Multicultural Multinational Teams at IBM 329 11 Communication 335 Functions of Communication 336 The Communication Process 338 Direction of Communication 338 Downward CommunicationRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesresources can be found on the instructor and student companion sites at www.wiley.com/college/decenzo. Instructor’s Resource Guide This includes, for each chapter, a chapter overview, a description of additional features within the chapter, a chapter outline, additional lecture and activity suggestions, answers to class exercises, answers to case applications, and additional review and discussion questions. PowerPoint A robust set of PowerPoint slides developed to help enhance your lectures are provided

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Rise Of Violent Crime In Canada Essay - 2972 Words

The Rise of Violent Crime In Canada Violent crime in Canada is on the rise in Canada as well as the types of violent crimes being committed against the public. It has been on the rise for many, many years. I believe and intend to prove in the following essay that it is societies responsibility for the rise of violent crime with their unwillingness and inability to effectively deal with the current trend in our society. In the last few years, a slight dip in violent crime has been noted, but we must view this with skepticism as no official statistics are available. As well as this could be an example of society realizing that the Criminal Justice System is not effectively dealing with the trend of violence in Canada. This†¦show more content†¦Any form of an assault on the person, ranging from sexual assault to Aggravated assault. Robbery, Homicide, Attempted Homicide, and Manslaughter are all considered violent crimes. These crimes are committed for a variety of reasons that range from unbelievable to incredible. Some are done for fun, having no real reason at all. Anger is a major reason for assaults being committed as well as Homicides. Robbery of a store or mugging of an individual is another reason. As well as pure pre-meditated violence, whether it is a beating or a murder, people use violence to enforce other things that are considered to be valued reasons for violence. In fact many sub-cultures of Canadian culture, such as gangs have developed differing views on crime and see the act of assaulting another individual as a way of settling a dispute and/or argument. A more technical definition would be as follows; quot; a crime involves the violation of a norm. Norms are social rules ranging from the important and the binding to the less important and optional. From which society makes attempts and rules to regulate behaviour in society quot; The Importance of the laws are measured by the level of punishments imposed upon the offender and the sanctions in place against the law. An example of this is lying and skipping class are considered to be minor infractions, where as murder is considered to be one of the most atrocious acts that could be committed by a person. SinceShow MoreRelatedMyths In The Criminal Justice System Have Plagued The Public1212 Words   |  5 Pagescomparing New York State data to data from Canada, the effectiveness of this myth can be debunked and disproven. In order to discuss the myths surrounding violent crime in New York State, understanding the current data and trends is essential. To establish the general consensus of what people think about violent crime in New York State, I conducted a small poll of people in my area. In essence, the aim was to see whether or not people felt violent crime rates had risen or fallen in New York StateRead MoreOrganized Crime Related Deaths / Murders898 Words   |  4 Pagesexplaining that while organized crime has been problematic for some time, the number of organized crime related deaths/murders has been on a steady rise. As the presenter further illustrates, in 2001, it was around 1,000. By 2008, the number had its first big jump, however, in 2010, the number had skyrocketed to over 34,000! However, the death, or capture of cartel leaders is not the solution and has led to two large cycles of violence. Most of the crime can be broken down into sevenRead MoreThe Crime Control Polic y Of Canada Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Violent crime will always be a problem; just because Canada doesn’t face high rates of violent crime in comparison to other countries doesn’t deem it an unimportant issue. My knowledge about this topic, violent crime, has come from a variety of resources that will be discussed as this paper progresses. The crime control policies in Alberta and/or Canada to my knowledge are having a positive impact, but more could always be done. Overall, I believe an enhanced proactive approachRead MoreViolence in Youth1171 Words   |  5 PagesYouth violence is defined as violent behaviour that begins early in life and continues throughout subsequent stages of life. Youth violence may include physical and emotional harm, and minor crimes, escalating to murder (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Youth are recognized as being between the ages of twelve and twenty-four however, teens are the most affected by violence than any other group of youths as they are habitually p erceived as the most violent age group (Goodwin, 1998,Read MoreYouth and Crime - Who Is Responsible Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pages When todays youth commit crimes it is often the taxpayers that have to pay for it. In many cases, when the crimes include damage to property, theft of personal belongings or merchandise the public are required to pay for the damages through taxes and raised prices in stores. When it comes to theft, the public would be required to pay more money in the long run for a product that is often stolen due to the rate of loss on it. When it comes to property damage we, the owners, are responsibleRead MoreCanada’S Crime Rate Has Never Increased In The Past 121277 Words   |  6 Pages Canada’s crime rate has never increased in the past 12 years from 2016 until now . The main culprits of this rise is Western Canada, specifically Alberta. An assessment must take place on what Ontario is doing right and what Alberta is doing wrong. The collection of these findings were collected by Statistics Canada, a Canadian government agency who obtains statistics of Canada. The collection of these statistics took place in 2015, the last time they obtained Canada’s crime rate. It is beingRead MoreThe Prohibition Of Alcohol During The 1920s1318 Words   |  6 Pagesfailure, giving rise to organized crime and a lasting mindset of subversiveness in the public without even achieving its intended purpose. Although the â€Å"Noble Experiment† (Hoover, Herbert, 1928) was effected in Canada by popular vote in the early 1910s, the rapidly-ensuing plebiscites repealing the law serve as the first empirical proof that the experiment was unsuccessful. This essay will discuss that testament to prohibition’s failure, along with the explosion in violent organized crime that occurredRead MoreThe Effects Of Gun Control On America Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pageswould not be graced with the many freedoms we have today. Currently, owning and obtaining a firearm is a controversial topic that sparks heavy emotions. Many people argue for eliminating all guns, and applying heavier regulations to prevent tragic violent crimes involving firearms. Although gun violence is inevitable, we can easily reduce the number of fatalities and injuries caused by firearms. This can be done by adding and introducing stricter regulations on the buying and selling of guns, backgroundRead MoreHate Crimes1203 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the 2011 Census, there are 1,054,945 Muslims and 468,670 Sikhs that live in Canada. The number of Muslims and Sikhs that live in Canada are rising every year and as the number rises so does the number of hate crimes, especially a gainst people that represent their faith through articles of clothing. The views on these articles of clothing are split between every individual, everyone has different opinions about them. There is a lack of knowledge from the general population about why peopleRead MoreHow Effective Is The Youth Justice System Essay1709 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction How effective is the Youth Justice System in responding to youth crime? Since the arrival of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) came into effect, the crime rates have decreased. Previously Canada had one of the highest youth incarceration rates in the western world. However since the Youth Criminal Justice Act got put into place in 2003, the crime rates have declined significantly. The Youth Justice System does their best to better and rehabilitate the adolescents that get into

Things Fall Apart and Universal Appeal - 951 Words

Things Fall Apart-Universal Appeal Confronted with a global conscious filled with hazy, negative conception of the African reality, appalled with such one sided works as Heart of Darkness and Mr. Johnson, Chinua Achebe determined in 1958 to inform the outside world about Ibo cultural traditions1. One can appreciate then, Achebe s inclusion of universal themes and concepts in is novel as a means of bridging the cultural gap with his audience and reiterating that Africans are in the end, human, just as members of any other race.Woven throughout the text of Things Fall Apart are universal themes in the form of images, concepts, and situations. â€Å"Does the white man understand our custom about land? How can he when he does not even†¦show more content†¦Some may hold that the novel is not a universal one, sighting inexplicable, foreign practices Achebe includes in the book without completely explaining them, (e.g Unoka s approach to his debtor, the unspoken laws of apology/ the kola nut), if he meant to give the novel a universal appeal, why did he include strange practices particular to Igbo culture? One must not forget that one intent of Achebe was to present Igbo culture through more objective eyes, and also through native eyes as had yet to be succesfully done. By leaving the reader to draw logical conclusions of their own with these matters, he also succeds in challenging his reader to examine such idiosyncrasies of his own culture, as is demonstrated in the discussion between the chief and original missionary Mr. Brown in which Achebe juxtaposes wooden idols and masked gods with the holy trinity. The success of Things Fall Apart can be attributed to the strategies Achebe employs in his story telling. Achebe succeds in maintaing the his goal- accurate representation of Ibo life, while presenting the information in a manner relatable to those not native to the culture. He also manages, in the process, to highlight some of the reasons behind the collapse of African cultures and helps us find those those things lost inShow MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1308 Words   |  6 PagesIn Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles that appeal to every humanRead MoreThe Struggle Between Tradition and Change1056 Words   |  5 Pages In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles that appeal to everyRead More Essay on Yeatsian and Western Influences on Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart1165 Words   |  5 PagesYeatsian and Western Influences on Things Fall Apart      Ã‚   The Igbo culture is flexible and continuous; its laws are made by men and are not solid and permanent. Change is implicit in oral culture. Igbos have been able to retain their core beliefs and behavior systems for 5000 years because of the flexibility and adaptability of their culture. Yeats says things collapse from within before they are overwhelmed by things from without- Umuofias collapse is its loss of faith, and that is also itsRead MoreThings Fall Apart and the Case Against Imperialism1433 Words   |  6 Pages12 AP English Burnett Things Fall Apart Socratic Seminar Points of Discussion 1. Achebe begins the novel with an elaborate description of the central character Okonkwo. What do we learn about the values of Umuofians through this characterization? 2. Discuss Okonkwo as an Igbo heroic character: how does he work to achieve greatness as defined by his culture? How does he differ from Western heroes? What are Okonkwo’s strengths and weaknesses? 3. DescribeRead MoreThe Battle of Adolescence in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger740 Words   |  3 Pagesto discover who they are and what they want as they transition into the adult world. In J.D. Salinger’s classic American novel, The Catcher in the Rye, the main character Holden, is a downhearted teenage boy used by Salinger in order to portray universal themes to the reader including isolation, loss of innocence, and the phoniness of the adult world. Through Salinger’s use of symbolism, the reader is able to ponder Holden and his struggles as he embarks into adulthood in order to come to a deeperRead MoreLanguage And Cultural And Societal Identity1265 Words   |  6 Pagesobservations, and often times their meaning and appeal is enhanced through the utilisation of colourful language, and vivid imagery (Fayemi, 1-18). Adamo (HTS Theological Studies) suggests that proverbs are â€Å"wise sayings that address the hearts of the discourse in any given cont ext truthfully and objectively†. However, they are neither absolute nor universal. Rather, they can be subjective, and relative in their meaning. Such is the case in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. The proverb is used extensively throughoutRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Is Google Making Us Stupid1002 Words   |  5 Pagesstates â€Å"For me, as for others, the Net is becoming a universal medium† in paragraph four the author provides his counter argument which is to warn the incoming generations the dangers of the Internet before his main argument. Which is that the Internet is making us stupid and is altering how we think, by doing this it allows Carr to spend the rest of the article refuting his main argument. In order to move along his argument the first thing Carr does is share a problem with the audience aboutRead MoreNicomachean Ethics: Ruminations on Virtue Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pagesnature: seek pleasure, avoid pain. This human nature is the best way to measure to strength of an individual’s virtues. If an individual has assimilated well with their moral virtue they would experience pleasure as a reward for doing the â€Å"right† thing, and conversely pain for doing the â€Å"wrong† type. While this criterion for types of identifiably virtuous behaviors, Aristotle notes that they are not necessarily an inherent part of humans, â€Å"for nothing that exists by nature can by transformed by habitRead MoreThe Interconnectedness Of Cultural Anthropology And Folk Literature1308 Words   |  6 Pageschief concern of this paper is to explore the interconnectedness of cultural anthropology and folk literature. There are many essays that have already shown the inter relationship between folklore and anthropology1. Both these umbrella terms have many things in common but when it comes to folk literature and cultural anthropology, some distinctions become apparent. To say, hence, this paper is different in a sense that instead of dealing with the broad areas of folklore and anthropology, it looks at theirRead MoreThe National Association For The Advancement Of Colored People Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagesall persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination†. During this time, African-Americans were denied several basic constitutional rights. Throughout the Civil Right Movement, as black people began to gain rights, the NAACP began to fall into oblivion. For several years there after, very little news was documented about their contributions to any minority community. The organization reestablished its mission in the late 20th century by focusing on more current issue such as police

Benefits of Taxonomy to the Organization-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Describe how a taxonomy can add value to your Organisation. Answer: Introduction Taxonomies has been immensely helpful for any organization and after the arrival of internet organizations are more interested with taxonomies for their structuring as well as retrieval of their information, which are much easier to manage. Taxonomies are an effective approach for helping organizations in meeting the need for meta-knowledge. However, Taxonomies are considered the base of the classification schemes as well as indexing system in the information management just like the Dewey Decimal System. Yahoo is among the first big E-Business company to have successfully utilized taxonomies (Barbuto, 2016). Therefore, taxonomy in the organization helps to find a suitable breakdown. In this report how a taxonomy can add value to the organizations are described along with stating the methodology for developing a taxonomy their potential applications and the ways to get leverage out of that taxonomy. Top-down Vs Bottom-up deployment In building taxonomies, the two wider approaches are top down and bottom up. Top down approach helps the organization evolve wider groups for instance departments, locations or products and then inhabit the taxonomies with terms. Any company will try this approach first where a small group of people will be given a task with explaining a structure for the taxonomy and then certain terms will be added to each area. This can work successfully for the taxonomies, which are simple, or for smaller sets of documents, however, there is a huge amount of assumption in knowing what terms needed to be created (Garcia et al., 2013). On the other hand, the bottom-up approach begins by examining the content as a whole following which the terms of the taxonomies will be added, formerly deciding on the hierarchy. Explaining taxonomy by inspecting the terms inside the documents is by far very successful technique but executing this manually is very time consuming. However, tools can guide in counting the frequency of the words as well as phrases though they will still need to be categorized and placed manually into the taxonomies. Therefore, it can be said that top down approach is mainly focused on the buttons, tabs and labels whereas, bottom up is focused about the content as well as process analysis (Shameli-Sendi, Aghababaei-Barzegar Cheriet, 2016). Descriptive Vs Navigational taxonomy Descriptive taxonomy is another type that is found in the organizational environment, which supports information reclamation through searching. However, by expanding as well as maintaining a fundamental set of controlled vocabularies, an organization can constantly label or tag their content along with descriptive metadata determined among these authorized vocabularies. Moreover, vocabularies can also capture the knowledge worker phraseology and map it to an organizations favored terms. If an organization is creating a descriptive taxonomy then they have to include reviewing entries opposition to an established set of phrase and search for similarities, affinities, differences as well as dependencies (Clerck et al., 2013). Another type of taxonomy is the Navigational type, which is mainly focused at detecting information mainly through browsing. However, once more here the taxonomy supplies with a controlled vocabulary rather utilizing it in the framework for manipulating doubts. Moreover, it can be help to knowledge employees so that they find the information they need. Navigational Taxonomy comprise of labels exerted to categories of the content based on the knowledge employees mental model of how the information is systematized. In taxonomy is totally based on the behavior of the users not on the content. Thus, as an outcome the labels of categories may be differently organized from that of the concept based descriptive taxonomy as navigational taxonomy can also contain words and phrases, which would not meet the standards of the descriptive taxonomy (Bacha, 2012). Methodology adopted to develop the taxonomy Organizing information- Corporate Taxonomy will be the main storage design for the organizations content, which will in a similar way support the interoperability of systems. Therefore, while developing taxonomy it would be beneficial if the structured and unstructured informational sources can be related to common topics (Taylor Joudrey, 2017). Increasing usability- If the corporate data is organized in a single manner then the total utility of knowledge system will grow markedly. Thus, no longer the employees need to retain the methodology behind a particular system just to find a different one for another tool. However, it will help the organization to understand the information that it holds along with what is missing. Supporting the growth of the business-, the cost of implementing taxonomy lessons the cost than that of a failure of a project. Therefore, there are substantial potential benefit and instant returns. Moreover, understanding the content as well as having a thorough understanding of the audience, publishers, content, limitation and platform is very important. Potential applications The potential applications of taxonomy are that it permits as well as support both the internal process as well as external features. Internal processes mainly includes content management where as external involves navigation, personalization and search. In the content management, the taxonomy can cite both the hierarchical structure into which the content has been scribed. Taxonomy is also use in search where consistently, appropriately metatagged content support consumers to rapidly find the information they pursue with targeted, precise and detailed search outcomes, despite of the location or language. Internal searches are also efficient as the content managers or the owners of the business are suited to query the content management system to identify the documents as well as files. Taxonomy can be further used in customization by cross matching the content user types with that of the contain comprising similar matatags. It is further used in navigation because it is easy for con tent management system as well as tagged content to straightaway generate navigational structures (Emmanouilidis, Koutsiamanis Tasidou, 2013). More leverage out of the taxonomy Website organization and search- Organizing the websites are generally done by information architecture web page. However, in maximum cases the templates of the web pages are linked to a content type. At time, the organizations may want to establish other web pages that bonds with special taxonomy elements. It can also support creating widgets along with website search, which also depends on taxonomy. Customer support- A well-organized taxonomy can also help the customers to rapidly get hold of the information they required to solve their problems. When an organization is aware of their customers then they can easily take advantage of taxonomy to enhance their experience by spontaneously surfacing content associated to the consumers particular situation (Park, Geum Lee, 2012). Content-as-a-service- This is the ability to generate content and deliver it to various websites, apps, business applications along with other channels as well. However, without a well-organized taxonomy, content re-use or content-as-a-service cannot take place. Taxonomy can further help obtaining the appropriate content into the publishing channel straightaway. Ecommerce- for the Ecommerce organizations taxonomy helps greatly the consumers to quickly approach the products or services of their choice. For the beginners the related products can be visible in a widget on the product page itself and surface related products in a search. However, taxonomy can also provide associated content like blogs, product related information in the product page so that it can motivate engagement as well as enhance conversions (Wang, 2013). Conclusion Thus, from the above report it can be concluded that Taxonomies are excessively helpful when it comes to organizations, as it is an effective approach meeting the need for meta-knowledge. However, it can have many potential applications like in content management system, search, utilizing the metadata for personalization as well as customization and lastly used in navigation. Moreover, the leverage out of taxonomy has been highlighted to be Website organization and search, Ecommerce, Content-as-a-service and Customer support. References Bacha, J. A. (2012). Taxonomies, folksonomies, and semantics: Establishing functional meaning in navigational structures.Journal of Technical Writing and Communication,42(3), 249-263. Barbuto Jr, J. E. (2016). How is strategy formed in organizations? A multi-disciplinary taxonomy of strategy-making approaches.Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management,3(1). Clerck, O., Guiry, M. D., Leliaert, F., Samyn, Y., Verbruggen, H. (2013). Algal taxonomy: a road to nowhere?.Journal of Phycology,49(2), 215-225. Emmanouilidis, C., Koutsiamanis, R. A., Tasidou, A. (2013). Mobile guides: Taxonomy of architectures, context awareness, technologies and applications.Journal of Network and Computer Applications,36(1), 103-125. Garcia, S., Luengo, J., Sez, J. A., Lopez, V., Herrera, F. (2013). A survey of discretization techniques: Taxonomy and empirical analysis in supervised learning.IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering,25(4), 734-750. Park, Y., Geum, Y., Lee, H. (2012). Toward integration of products and services: Taxonomy and typology.Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,29(4), 528-545. Shameli-Sendi, A., Aghababaei-Barzegar, R., Cheriet, M. (2016). Taxonomy of information security risk assessment (ISRA).Computers Security,57, 14-30. Taylor, A. G., Joudrey, D. N. (2017).The organization of information. ABC-CLIO. Wang, D. (2013). Influences of cloud computing on e-commerce businesses and industry.Journal of Software Engineering and Applications,6(06), 313.

Human Resource Management Organizations Operating in Various Industri

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management for Organizations Operating in Various Industries. Answer: Introduction: The organizations operating in various industries are focusing a lot on increasing the productivity of the employees along with their employment satisfaction. So a number of organizations are providing a number of flexibilities to their employees in terms of work timing and workplace. The employees of a number of organizations are being provided with flexible working hours and options to work from home. There are a number of speculations being done around this topic of work flexibility and its effects on the productivity of the employees in an organization. The trend across the globe has definitely shifted to employment flexibility over money for the satisfaction from any employment. So work flexibility definitely leads to increase in the overall retention rates of the employees in the organization (Cooper, 2015). The flexibility of working from home along with the flexible working hours can also increase the productivity of the employees, when there are a number of policies and guid elines are set in place in order to utilize these facilities in an efficient way. The line managers in the organization should ensure the compliance to the policy of defining clear and concise goals for the employees by adhering to the S.M.A.R.T criteria. The line managers should also ensure that the performance of the employees are monitored based on these goals and the rewards or recognitions are provided to the employees according to their performance against these goals. This in turn allows the employees to increase their productivity even when working from home or working in a flexible work timing (Skinner, 2014). References Cooper, R. and Baird, M., 2015. Bringing the right to request flexible working arrangements to life: from policies to practices. Employee Relations, 37(5), pp.568-581. Skinner, N.J. and Pocock, B., 2014. The persistent challenge: Living, working and caring in Australia in 2014 (Doctoral dissertation, Centre for Work and Life, University of South Australia).